Symbols / EYE Stock $23.81 -1.41% National Vision Holdings, Inc.

Consumer Cyclical • Specialty Retail • United States • NMS
EYE (Stock) Chart
O: — H: — L: — C: — V: —
SMA 20: — SMA 50: — SMA 200: —
Stock Fundamentals
Scroll to Statements
Index EQUITY
Sector Consumer Cyclical
Industry Specialty Retail
CEO Mr. Alexander N. Wilkes
Exch · Country NMS · United States
Market Cap 1.89B
Enterprise Value 2.55B
Income 29.60M
Sales 1.99B
FCF (ttm) 109.88M
Book/sh 10.95
Cash/sh 0.49
Employees 13,138
Insider 10d —
IPO Oct 27, 2017
Div forward ($/yr)
Div TTM ($/yr)
Dividend Yield
Ex-Div Date
5Y Avg Yield
Yield vs 5Y Avg
Payout 0.00%
P/E 64.35
Forward P/E 19.00
PEG —
P/S 0.95
P/B 2.17
P/C —
EV/EBITDA 16.18
EV/Sales 1.28
Quick Ratio 0.23
Current Ratio 0.55
Debt/Eq 79.88
LT Debt/Eq —
EPS (ttm) 0.37
EPS next Y 1.25
EPS Growth —
Revenue Growth 15.10%
EPS Gr Q/Q —
Rev Gr Q/Q —
Earnings (next) 2026-05-06
Earnings (prior) 2026-03-04
ROA 2.08%
ROE 3.51%
ROIC —
Gross Margin 58.77%
Oper. Margin 1.75%
Profit Margin 1.49%
Shs Outstand 79.44M
Shs Float 77.45M
Insider Own 2.44%
Instit Own 120.36%
Short Float 20.90%
Short Ratio 7.73
Short Interest 11.11M
52W High 30.02
vs 52W High -20.69%
52W Low 11.90
vs 52W Low 100.08%
Beta 1.40
Impl. Vol. 75.68%
Rel Volume 1.24
Avg Volume 1.33M
Volume 1.65M
Target (mean) $35.27
Tgt Median $35.00
Tgt Low $26.00
Tgt High $42.00
# Analysts 11
Recom Buy
Prev Close $24.15
Price $23.81
Change -1.41%
About

National Vision Holdings, Inc., through its subsidiaries, operates as an optical retailer in the United States. The company offers eyeglasses and contact lenses, and optical accessory products; and provides eye exams through its America's Best, Eyeglass World, Vista Optical, Fred Meyer, Vista Optical military, and DiscountContacts.com. It also offers health maintenance organization and optometric services. In addition, the company sells prescription and non-prescription eyewear, contact lenses and related accessories to retail customers. The company serves a diverse customer base, including price-driven consumers, style leaders, wellness shoppers with vision benefits, managed care customers, outside prescription customers, and progressive lens wearers. The company was formerly known as National Vision, Inc. and changed its name to National Vision Holdings, Inc. in March 2014. The company was founded in 1990 and is headquartered in Duluth, Georgia.

Valuation Models

Price estimates from analyst targets and simple models.

1. Analyst consensus
$35.27
Mean price target
2. Current target
$23.81
Latest analyst target
3. DCF / Fair value
$24.90
Simplified: (Free Cash Flow ÷ Shares) × 18 (P/FCF multiple). Not a …
Ratings
Current target
$23.81
Low
$26.00
High
$42.00
Mean
$35.27

Latest analyst rating changes

Date Action Analyst Rating Change Price Target
2026-03-05 main Citigroup Buy → Buy $40
2026-03-05 main Wells Fargo Equal-Weight → Equal-Weight $30
2026-03-05 main Barclays Overweight → Overweight $38
2026-03-05 main UBS Buy → Buy $42
2026-03-05 main Guggenheim Buy → Buy $33
2026-03-02 main Barclays Overweight → Overweight $32
2026-01-15 main Morgan Stanley Equal-Weight → Equal-Weight $30
2025-12-10 init Guggenheim — → Buy $32
2025-11-18 main UBS Buy → Buy $39
2025-11-18 main Citigroup Buy → Buy $35
2025-11-18 main Barclays Overweight → Overweight $30
2025-11-06 main UBS Buy → Buy $32
2025-08-07 main Goldman Sachs Neutral → Neutral $22
2025-08-07 main Wells Fargo Equal-Weight → Equal-Weight $27
2025-08-07 main Barclays Overweight → Overweight $28
2025-07-23 main Wells Fargo Equal-Weight → Equal-Weight $24
2025-07-08 main UBS Buy → Buy $30
2025-07-08 up Barclays Equal-Weight → Overweight $30
2025-06-18 main B of A Securities Buy → Buy $26
2025-05-19 main BMO Capital Market Perform → Market Perform $19
Insider Transactions
Filed Date Insider Relationship Transaction Shares Price Value SEC
2026-03-31 LADEN CHRISTOPHER Chief Financial Officer — 26,082 — —
2026-03-11 WILKES ALEXANDER Chief Executive Officer — 35,000 $26.54 $928,900
2026-03-06 VANDETTE JOSEPH Officer — 8,224 — —
2026-03-06 BANNER MARK Officer — 13,706 — —
2026-03-06 WILKES ALEXANDER Chief Executive Officer — 27,412 — —
2026-03-06 PATEL PRITI V Officer — 8,224 — —
2026-03-06 FAHS LEONARD READE Officer and Director — 11,672 $29.57 $345,217
2026-03-06 FAHS LEONARD READE Officer and Director — 54,824 — —
2026-03-06 BRANDMAN JARED Officer — 10,279 — —
2026-03-06 CLARK BILL Officer — 8,224 — —
Financials
Statement View
Amounts in millions (2 decimals, no suffix) • EPS per share (2 decimals) • Trend = period evolution • YoY Growth = previous period %
Line Item Trend 2025-12-31 2024-12-31 2023-12-31 2022-12-31
Total Revenue
1,987.49
+9.00%
1,823.32
+3.81%
1,756.37
+6.79%
1,644.67
Operating Revenue
1,987.49
+9.00%
1,823.32
+3.81%
1,756.37
+6.79%
1,644.67
Cost Of Revenue
819.47
+7.25%
764.06
+4.00%
734.65
+10.03%
667.66
Reconciled Cost Of Revenue
810.73
+7.19%
756.32
+4.59%
723.11
+11.18%
650.39
Gross Profit
1,168.02
+10.27%
1,059.26
+3.67%
1,021.72
+4.58%
977.01
Operating Expense
1,107.20
+7.52%
1,029.77
+3.54%
994.53
+8.25%
918.75
Selling General And Administration
1,016.25
+8.28%
938.52
+3.73%
904.76
+8.67%
832.61
Other Operating Expenses
-0.20
-101.98%
-0.10
+2.88%
-0.10
+95.93%
-2.55
Total Expenses
1,926.67
+7.41%
1,793.83
+3.74%
1,729.18
+9.00%
1,586.41
Operating Income
60.82
+106.23%
29.49
+8.47%
27.19
-53.34%
58.27
Total Operating Income As Reported
58.83
+667.90%
-10.36
-142.30%
24.49
-53.59%
52.77
EBITDA
158.72
+77.18%
89.58
-28.51%
125.31
-21.05%
158.73
Normalized EBITDA
160.71
+25.00%
128.57
-0.03%
128.61
-21.69%
164.23
Reconciled Depreciation
99.89
+0.82%
99.08
-2.31%
101.42
-4.29%
105.97
EBIT
58.83
+719.25%
-9.50
-139.76%
23.89
-54.72%
52.77
Total Unusual Items
-1.99
+94.89%
-38.99
-1082.29%
-3.30
+40.03%
-5.50
Total Unusual Items Excluding Goodwill
-1.99
+94.89%
-38.99
-1082.29%
-3.30
+40.03%
-5.50
Special Income Charges
-1.99
+94.89%
-38.99
-1082.29%
-3.30
+40.03%
-5.50
Other Special Charges
—
-0.86
-243.41%
0.60
—
Impairment Of Capital Assets
1.99
-95.00%
39.85
+1376.51%
2.70
-50.92%
5.50
Net Income
29.60
+203.86%
-28.50
+56.75%
-65.90
-256.45%
42.12
Pretax Income
41.68
+262.28%
-25.68
-368.89%
9.55
-81.74%
52.30
Net Non Operating Interest Income Expense
-17.15
-5.96%
-16.18
-12.87%
-14.34
-3003.68%
-0.46
Interest Expense Non Operating
17.15
+5.96%
16.18
+12.87%
14.34
+3003.68%
0.46
Net Interest Income
-17.15
-5.96%
-16.18
-12.87%
-14.34
-3003.68%
-0.46
Interest Expense
17.15
+5.96%
16.18
+12.87%
14.34
+3003.68%
0.46
Other Income Expense
-1.99
+94.89%
-38.99
-1082.29%
-3.30
+40.03%
-5.50
Tax Provision
12.08
+715.73%
1.48
-75.34%
6.01
-61.36%
15.54
Tax Rate For Calcs
0.00
+38.10%
0.00
+0.00%
0.00
-29.34%
0.00
Tax Effect Of Unusual Items
-0.58
+92.95%
-8.19
-1082.29%
-0.69
+57.62%
-1.63
Net Income Including Noncontrolling Interests
29.60
+203.86%
-28.50
+56.75%
-65.90
-256.45%
42.12
Net Income From Continuing Operation Net Minority Interest
29.60
+208.96%
-27.16
-866.07%
3.55
-90.35%
36.76
Net Income From Continuing And Discontinued Operation
29.60
+203.86%
-28.50
+56.75%
-65.90
-256.45%
42.12
Net Income Continuous Operations
29.60
+208.96%
-27.16
-866.07%
3.55
-90.35%
36.76
Net Income Discontinuous Operations
0.00
+100.00%
-1.33
+98.08%
-69.45
-1394.93%
5.36
Normalized Income
31.01
+752.33%
3.64
-40.85%
6.15
-84.86%
40.62
Net Income Common Stockholders
29.60
+203.86%
-28.50
+56.75%
-65.90
-256.45%
42.12
Diluted EPS
0.37
+202.78%
-0.36
+57.14%
-0.84
-261.54%
0.52
Basic EPS
0.37
+202.78%
-0.36
+57.14%
-0.84
-258.49%
0.53
Basic Average Shares
79.13
+0.69%
78.59
+0.36%
78.31
-1.90%
79.83
Diluted Average Shares
80.58
+2.52%
78.59
+0.36%
78.31
-2.47%
80.30
Diluted NI Availto Com Stockholders
29.60
+203.86%
-28.50
+56.75%
-65.90
-256.45%
42.12
Average Dilution Earnings
—
—
0.00
0.00
Depreciation Amortization Depletion Income Statement
91.15
-0.22%
91.35
+1.64%
89.87
+1.33%
88.69
Depreciation And Amortization In Income Statement
91.15
-0.22%
91.35
+1.64%
89.87
+1.33%
88.69
Line Item Trend 2025-12-31 2024-12-31 2023-12-31 2022-12-31
Total Assets
1,983.68
-1.20%
2,007.77
-7.58%
2,172.51
-5.18%
2,291.25
Current Assets
225.72
-9.65%
249.83
-37.02%
396.67
-16.29%
473.84
Cash Cash Equivalents And Short Term Investments
38.71
-47.66%
73.95
-50.67%
149.90
-34.66%
229.43
Cash And Cash Equivalents
38.71
-47.66%
73.95
-50.67%
149.90
-34.66%
229.43
Receivables
57.32
+14.79%
49.94
-42.50%
86.85
+8.71%
79.89
Accounts Receivable
42.56
+17.55%
36.21
-49.30%
71.42
+9.99%
64.93
Receivables Adjustments Allowances
-0.29
-38.46%
-0.21
+34.18%
-0.32
+39.11%
-0.52
Other Receivables
15.05
+7.96%
13.94
-11.49%
15.75
+1.74%
15.48
Inventory
89.32
-4.90%
93.92
-21.67%
119.91
-2.64%
123.16
Raw Materials
65.78
-0.43%
66.06
+15.15%
57.37
-11.45%
64.79
Finished Goods
23.54
-15.50%
27.86
-55.45%
62.54
+7.14%
58.37
Prepaid Assets
—
—
—
—
Other Current Assets
40.37
+26.07%
32.02
-19.96%
40.01
-3.26%
41.36
Total Non Current Assets
1,757.96
+0.00%
1,757.94
-1.01%
1,775.84
-2.29%
1,817.41
Net PPE
739.51
-4.05%
770.76
+0.56%
766.46
+3.21%
742.60
Gross PPE
1,382.93
+2.09%
1,354.63
+5.31%
1,286.39
+4.96%
1,225.57
Accumulated Depreciation
-643.41
-10.20%
-583.87
-12.30%
-519.92
-7.65%
-482.97
Properties
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
Land And Improvements
3.74
+0.00%
3.74
+0.00%
3.74
-0.90%
3.77
Machinery Furniture Equipment
211.81
-0.89%
213.72
+3.49%
206.50
-7.60%
223.49
Construction In Progress
34.71
+9.78%
31.62
+6.69%
29.64
-17.90%
36.10
Other Properties
746.35
+0.23%
744.63
+2.97%
723.13
+6.86%
676.71
Leases
386.33
+7.04%
360.93
+11.61%
323.38
+13.27%
285.50
Goodwill And Other Intangible Assets
948.74
+0.17%
947.12
-3.18%
978.26
-7.08%
1,052.83
Goodwill
700.64
+0.33%
698.30
-2.68%
717.54
-7.72%
777.61
Other Intangible Assets
248.10
-0.29%
248.82
-4.57%
260.72
-5.27%
275.22
Other Non Current Assets
69.70
+73.99%
40.06
+28.74%
31.11
+41.55%
21.98
Total Liabilities Net Minority Interest
1,114.14
-6.49%
1,191.44
-11.29%
1,343.09
-3.38%
1,390.13
Current Liabilities
412.41
-11.93%
468.27
+17.75%
397.70
+15.52%
344.26
Payables And Accrued Expenses
135.47
+17.71%
115.09
-3.40%
119.14
+4.16%
114.37
Payables
89.25
+34.47%
66.37
-21.57%
84.63
+14.17%
74.12
Accounts Payable
79.00
+47.27%
53.64
-20.59%
67.56
+3.49%
65.28
Other Payable
9.70
+6.70%
9.09
-40.24%
15.21
+73.91%
8.74
Current Accrued Expenses
46.21
-5.14%
48.72
+41.16%
34.51
-14.26%
40.25
Pensionand Other Post Retirement Benefit Plans Current
47.72
+11.62%
42.75
-31.72%
62.61
+67.19%
37.45
Total Tax Payable
0.56
-84.73%
3.64
+95.44%
1.86
+1708.74%
0.10
Income Tax Payable
0.56
-84.73%
3.64
+95.44%
1.86
+1708.74%
0.10
Current Debt And Capital Lease Obligation
106.90
-46.84%
201.09
+110.41%
95.57
+17.52%
81.32
Current Debt
13.25
-86.48%
98.02
+1206.99%
7.50
+81.29%
4.14
Other Current Borrowings
13.25
-86.48%
98.02
+1206.99%
7.50
+81.29%
4.14
Current Capital Lease Obligation
93.65
-9.14%
103.06
+17.02%
88.07
+14.10%
77.19
Current Deferred Liabilities
116.84
+11.80%
104.51
-5.83%
110.98
+7.29%
103.44
Current Deferred Revenue
116.84
+11.80%
104.51
-5.83%
110.98
+7.29%
103.44
Other Current Liabilities
—
—
0.30
—
Total Non Current Liabilities Net Minority Interest
701.74
-2.96%
723.16
-23.51%
945.39
-9.61%
1,045.87
Long Term Debt And Capital Lease Obligation
587.70
-4.43%
614.95
-25.69%
827.59
-10.19%
921.50
Long Term Debt
223.24
-6.65%
239.15
-45.36%
437.68
-22.31%
563.39
Long Term Capital Lease Obligation
364.47
-3.02%
375.80
-3.62%
389.90
+8.88%
358.11
Non Current Deferred Liabilities
105.09
+5.10%
99.99
-8.55%
109.34
-5.31%
115.47
Non Current Deferred Revenue
22.52
+1.97%
22.08
+2.90%
21.46
-0.66%
21.60
Non Current Deferred Taxes Liabilities
82.57
+5.99%
77.91
-11.35%
87.88
-6.38%
93.87
Other Non Current Liabilities
8.94
+8.70%
8.23
-2.80%
8.46
-4.89%
8.90
Stockholders Equity
869.53
+6.52%
816.33
-1.58%
829.42
-7.96%
901.11
Common Stock Equity
869.53
+6.52%
816.33
-1.58%
829.42
-7.96%
901.11
Capital Stock
0.86
+0.94%
0.85
+0.71%
0.85
+0.71%
0.84
Common Stock
0.86
+0.94%
0.85
+0.71%
0.85
+0.71%
0.84
Share Issued
86.28
+0.98%
85.44
+0.72%
84.83
+0.66%
84.27
Ordinary Shares Number
79.42
+0.81%
78.78
+0.59%
78.31
-0.86%
78.99
Treasury Shares Number
6.86
+2.90%
6.67
+2.29%
6.52
+23.46%
5.28
Additional Paid In Capital
834.00
+3.34%
807.05
+2.29%
788.97
+2.85%
767.11
Retained Earnings
255.72
+13.09%
226.12
-11.19%
254.62
-20.56%
320.52
Gains Losses Not Affecting Retained Earnings
-0.12
0.00
+100.00%
-0.42
+64.46%
-1.18
Treasury Stock
220.93
+1.49%
217.69
+1.44%
214.59
+15.26%
186.18
Other Equity Adjustments
-0.12
—
-0.42
+64.46%
-1.18
Total Equity Gross Minority Interest
869.53
+6.52%
816.33
-1.58%
829.42
-7.96%
901.11
Total Capitalization
1,092.77
+3.53%
1,055.48
-16.70%
1,267.10
-13.48%
1,464.50
Working Capital
-186.69
+14.54%
-218.45
-21108.35%
-1.03
-100.79%
129.57
Invested Capital
1,106.02
-4.12%
1,153.50
-9.50%
1,274.60
-13.21%
1,468.64
Total Debt
694.60
-14.88%
816.03
-11.60%
923.15
-7.94%
1,002.82
Net Debt
197.78
-24.86%
263.22
-10.86%
295.29
-12.66%
338.10
Capital Lease Obligations
458.11
-4.33%
478.86
+0.19%
477.97
+9.80%
435.30
Net Tangible Assets
-79.21
+39.44%
-130.79
+12.13%
-148.85
+1.89%
-151.72
Tangible Book Value
-79.21
+39.44%
-130.79
+12.13%
-148.85
+1.89%
-151.72
Current Provisions
5.49
+13.41%
4.84
-46.77%
9.09
+18.46%
7.68
Derivative Product Liabilities
—
—
—
0.00
Line Item Trend 2025-12-31 2024-12-31 2023-12-31 2022-12-31
Operating Cash Flow
146.29
+9.46%
133.65
-22.76%
173.03
+45.16%
119.20
Cash Flow From Continuing Operating Activities
146.29
+9.46%
133.65
-22.76%
173.03
+45.16%
119.20
Net Income From Continuing Operations
29.60
+203.86%
-28.50
+56.75%
-65.90
-256.45%
42.12
Depreciation Amortization Depletion
99.89
+0.82%
99.08
-2.31%
101.42
-4.29%
105.97
Depreciation
91.15
-1.65%
92.68
-5.67%
98.25
-1.70%
99.96
Amortization Cash Flow
8.74
+36.54%
6.40
+101.96%
3.17
-47.27%
6.01
Depreciation And Amortization
99.89
+0.82%
99.08
-2.31%
101.42
-4.29%
105.97
Amortization Of Intangibles
8.74
+36.54%
6.40
+101.96%
3.17
-47.27%
6.01
Other Non Cash Items
6.49
+17.99%
5.50
-49.78%
10.95
+40.25%
7.81
Stock Based Compensation
23.69
+41.76%
16.71
-17.18%
20.17
+49.30%
13.51
Asset Impairment Charge
1.99
-95.03%
40.10
-51.34%
82.41
+1325.09%
5.78
Deferred Tax
4.66
+146.75%
-9.97
-66.56%
-5.99
-154.33%
11.02
Deferred Income Tax
4.66
+146.75%
-9.97
-66.56%
-5.99
-154.33%
11.02
Operating Gains Losses
—
-0.03
+97.33%
-1.27
+92.22%
-16.38
Gain Loss On Investment Securities
—
-0.03
+97.33%
-1.27
+92.22%
-16.38
Change In Working Capital
-20.03
-285.98%
10.77
-65.53%
31.24
+161.69%
-50.64
Change In Receivables
-8.07
-122.17%
36.40
+565.64%
-7.82
+68.50%
-24.82
Changes In Account Receivables
-8.07
-122.17%
36.40
+565.64%
-7.82
+68.50%
-24.82
Change In Inventory
-0.73
-103.37%
21.60
+4826.04%
-0.46
+75.43%
-1.86
Change In Payables And Accrued Expense
25.36
+282.25%
-13.91
-710.22%
2.28
+141.27%
0.94
Change In Payable
25.36
+282.25%
-13.91
-710.22%
2.28
+141.27%
0.94
Change In Account Payable
25.36
+282.25%
-13.91
-710.22%
2.28
+141.27%
0.94
Change In Other Working Capital
10.94
+233.90%
-8.17
-203.13%
7.92
+5.47%
7.51
Change In Other Current Assets
-45.66
-526.63%
-7.29
-129.77%
-3.17
+69.12%
-10.27
Change In Other Current Liabilities
-1.88
+89.50%
-17.86
-154.98%
32.48
+246.59%
-22.16
Investing Cash Flow
-76.61
+20.28%
-96.09
+17.03%
-115.82
-4.44%
-110.89
Cash Flow From Continuing Investing Activities
-76.61
+20.28%
-96.09
+17.03%
-115.82
-4.44%
-110.89
Net PPE Purchase And Sale
-72.84
+23.73%
-95.50
+16.79%
-114.77
-1.08%
-113.55
Purchase Of PPE
-72.84
+23.73%
-95.50
+16.79%
-114.77
-1.08%
-113.55
Capital Expenditure
-72.84
+23.73%
-95.50
+16.79%
-114.77
-1.08%
-113.55
Net Other Investing Changes
-3.77
-539.39%
-0.59
+43.80%
-1.05
-139.50%
2.65
Financing Cash Flow
-104.62
+7.70%
-113.34
+17.15%
-136.81
-61.80%
-84.56
Cash Flow From Continuing Financing Activities
-104.62
+7.70%
-113.34
+17.15%
-136.81
-61.80%
-84.56
Net Issuance Payments Of Debt
-104.81
+4.77%
-110.06
-2.94%
-106.92
-2633.08%
-3.91
Issuance Of Debt
25.00
-78.26%
115.00
0.00
0.00
Repayment Of Debt
-129.81
+42.32%
-225.06
-110.49%
-106.92
-2633.08%
-3.91
Long Term Debt Issuance
25.00
-78.26%
115.00
0.00
0.00
Long Term Debt Payments
-129.81
+42.32%
-225.06
-110.49%
-106.92
-2633.08%
-3.91
Net Long Term Debt Issuance
-104.81
+4.77%
-110.06
-2.94%
-106.92
-2633.08%
-3.91
Net Common Stock Issuance
0.19
+111.99%
-1.58
+94.04%
-26.58
+67.04%
-80.64
Common Stock Payments
-3.21
-3.65%
-3.09
+89.12%
-28.41
+66.33%
-84.39
Repurchase Of Capital Stock
-3.21
-3.65%
-3.09
+89.12%
-28.41
+66.33%
-84.39
Net Other Financing Charges
—
-1.70
+48.58%
-3.31
—
Changes In Cash
-34.94
+53.91%
-75.79
+4.78%
-79.60
-4.39%
-76.25
Beginning Cash Position
75.24
-50.18%
151.03
-34.51%
230.62
-24.85%
306.88
End Cash Position
40.30
-46.43%
75.24
-50.18%
151.03
-34.51%
230.62
Free Cash Flow
73.45
+92.57%
38.14
-34.53%
58.26
+930.95%
5.65
Interest Paid Supplemental Data
19.09
+42.49%
13.40
+14.17%
11.73
-30.73%
16.94
Income Tax Paid Supplemental Data
21.15
+233.95%
6.33
-16.37%
7.57
+1.20%
7.48
Common Stock Issuance
3.40
+125.28%
1.51
-17.96%
1.84
-50.93%
3.74
Issuance Of Capital Stock
3.40
+125.28%
1.51
-17.96%
1.84
-50.93%
3.74
SEC Filings

Recent 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, and Form 4 (insider) filings.

Trades
Date User Broker Pattern Type Position Size Entry Price Trade P&L Status
Posts
Published Title Author Category